So, you’ve seen a few adrenaline-pumping 3-gun videos on YouTube, caught an episode of 3-Gun Nation, or have a friend competing—and now you’re hooked. You’re ready to step into the action and get a rifle suited for the sport. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about choosing, upgrading, or building a rifle for 3-gun competitions.

Why Choose a 3-Gun Rifle?

A 3-gun rifle is tailored for rapid transitions, quick follow-up shots, and adaptability to various shooting stages. While other rifle types focus on precision or rugged durability, 3-gun rifles blend speed and accuracy. They are often lightweight, feature high-quality triggers for quicker firing, and include compensators to manage recoil for faster sight recovery. You can either buy a purpose-built 3-gun rifle from top manufacturers or customize a standard AR-15 platform with upgrades specific to 3-gun.

Option 1: Ready-to-Go 3-Gun Rifles

If you’re not interested in building or customizing a rifle from scratch, several manufacturers offer rifles specifically optimized for 3-gun competitions. These rifles are usually well-balanced and include many performance features required for the sport. Some popular brands to consider are:

• JP Enterprises: Known for precision and customization options.
• Cobalt Kinetics: Offers unique design and balanced performance.
• Armalite: Delivers quality with rugged construction.
• Bushmaster: A more affordable entry into 3-gun rifles.

These rifles typically don’t include an optic, so factor that into your setup budget. Buying a 3-gun rifle off the shelf can save time and ensure you have a firearm designed with competition in mind.

Option 2: Building or Upgrading Your Rifle

If you already own an AR-15 or are interested in creating a custom 3-gun rifle, upgrading your rifle with key components can give you the competitive edge you need. Here’s how to build a rifle from the ground up.

Step 1: Upper and Lower Receivers

The foundation of your rifle starts with the upper and lower receivers. These should be well-fitted to prevent any side-to-side movement. Opt for forged or billet receivers from the same brand for a snug fit. Some popular choices include:

• Aero Precision: Reliable and affordable.
• Spikes Tactical: Known for unique designs like skull graphics on the magwell.
• Seekins Precision: High-quality machining and tight tolerances.

Look for a design that matches your personal style and budget, as this will set the tone for the rest of your build.

Step 2: Lower Parts Kit

The lower parts kit includes essential internal components for the lower receiver, such as the:

• Takedown pins (front and rear)
• Safety drum and spring
• Mag release and bolt catch
• Trigger guard and optional grip

While most parts kits are similar in function, choose one with reliable springs and detents. Some kits also come with trigger options, though many competitors prefer to upgrade their trigger separately.

Step 3: The Trigger

The trigger is one of the most crucial elements of a 3-gun rifle. A smooth, crisp trigger with a light pull weight (generally 2.5 to 4 pounds) will improve your accuracy and allow for rapid shooting. Consider these aspects when choosing a trigger:

1. Pre-travel (Take-up): The initial slack before the trigger reaches the point of resistance.
2. Break: The point where the trigger releases the hammer. A “crisp” break is ideal.
3. Over-travel: The movement of the trigger after it breaks.
4. Reset: The distance the trigger must be released before it can be pulled again.

Some popular triggers for 3-gun shooting include CMC, JP Enterprises, AR Gold, and Hiperfire. These brands offer reliable triggers that excel in feel, consistency, and responsiveness.

Step 4: Barrel

The barrel directly affects your rifle’s accuracy, weight, and overall handling. In 3-gun, common barrel lengths range from 14.5 inches (with a permanently attached compensator) to 18 inches. Shorter barrels are lighter and more maneuverable, while longer barrels provide slightly better velocity and range. Consider these factors:

• Material: Stainless steel barrels are popular for their durability and resistance to corrosion.
• Profile: A “pencil” or lightweight profile is typically chosen for 3-gun to minimize weight without sacrificing accuracy.

Quality barrel brands include Criterion, Ballistic Advantage, and Faxon Firearms. Expect to pay more for premium barrels, as they offer greater accuracy and longevity.

Step 5: Handguard

Once you’ve selected your barrel, it’s time to choose a handguard. Look for a free-floating handguard that doesn’t contact the barrel, allowing it to flex naturally and maintain accuracy. For a 3-gun rifle, the handguard should cover most of the barrel without obstructing the compensator. Typically, a 12- to 15-inch handguard works well for competition setups.

Step 6: Compensators

Recoil management is essential in 3-gun, where quick follow-up shots are the norm. A compensator directs gas to reduce muzzle rise and keep your rifle on target between shots. Here are a few top options for 3-gun compensators:

• JP Enterprises: Excellent design and effective recoil reduction.
• Armalite: Reliable and effective, widely used.
• Hiperfire: Known for performance and competitive pricing.

Avoid flash hiders and look for a compensator specifically engineered for recoil reduction.

Step 7: Gas System

An adjustable gas system allows you to fine-tune the amount of gas reaching your bolt carrier group (BCG). By reducing excess gas, you minimize unnecessary recoil, helping you control your rifle during rapid fire. You have two options:

1. Adjustable Gas Block: Controls the gas flow at the gas block on the barrel.
2. Adjustable Gas Key: Restricts gas directly at the BCG.

An adjustable gas system paired with a properly tuned buffer system can make your rifle incredibly smooth to shoot. Reliable brands for gas systems include Superlative Arms and Odin Works.

Step 8: Bolt Carrier Group (BCG)

The BCG is another critical element in managing recoil. A lighter BCG reduces the reciprocating mass, which can reduce felt recoil. Some 3-gun shooters opt for titanium or skeletonized carriers to shave off weight. A premium BCG from companies like JP Enterprises or Toolcraft can provide smoother cycling and increase your rifle’s reliability.

Step 9: Buffer System

Pairing a quality buffer system with your BCG and gas system will help minimize muzzle rise and recoil. A lighter buffer combined with an adjustable gas system allows for a finely tuned shooting experience. Consider brands like HeavyBuffers for high-performance parts that make a noticeable difference in recoil control.

Step 10: Stock and Buffer Tube

The stock and buffer tube setup is where personal preference really comes into play. The stock should provide a comfortable cheek weld and good control while not adding excessive weight. Some popular stock choices in 3-gun include:

• Magpul UBR: Stable and sturdy but heavier.
• Luth-AR MBA: Lightweight with adjustable cheek height.
• Mission First Tactical Battlelink: Lightweight and durable.

Choose a carbine or rifle-length buffer tube based on your stock preference, and consider the adjustability of the cheek weld if you use different optics or need more flexibility.

Optics for Your 3-Gun Rifle

Though not part of the rifle itself, optics are crucial in 3-gun. Most competitors use a low-power variable optic (LPVO) in the 1-6x or 1-8x range. The Vortex Viper PST, Leupold VX-6HD, and Primary Arms SLX are popular choices in various price ranges. LPVOs allow for rapid target acquisition at close range while offering magnification for longer shots.

Final Thoughts

Whether you build or buy, a well-prepared 3-gun rifle is your key to competitive success. Start with a solid upper and lower receiver, choose a quality barrel and handguard, and invest in a good trigger. Pairing an adjustable gas system with a compensator will help manage recoil, while a well-fitted stock and buffer system enhance comfort and control.

In the end, building a 3-gun rifle to your specific needs allows you to tailor the rifle to your shooting style and improve your performance in competitions. With these tips, you’re well on your way to building or buying a 3-gun rifle that will keep you competitive and ready for anything the course throws at you.